At Interchange, we believe in celebrating all kinds of minds. That means taking the time to understand how different people experience the world and how we can support them to thrive.
One question we often hear is: “Is autism an intellectual disability?” It’s a great question, and the answer is a little more nuanced than a simple yes or no. Let’s break it down together.
What is Autism?
Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental condition. It affects how a person communicates, interacts with others, and processes information. Autism is called a spectrum disorder because it includes a wide range of experiences and no two people with autism are the same.
Some common characteristics of autism might include:
Differences in communication (verbal or non-verbal)
Strong interests or focus in specific topics
Sensory sensitivities (to sounds, lights, textures, etc.)
Challenges with social interactions
Preference for routine and structure
But autism also comes with many strengths—creativity, honesty, unique problem-solving, and a different way of seeing the world.
So… Is Autism an Intellectual Disability?
No, not always. Autism is not the same thing as an intellectual disability, though some people with autism may also have an intellectual disability.
Let’s break it down:
Autism relates to how a person experiences and interacts with the world, socially and emotionally.
Intellectual disability relates to a person’s general thinking and learning abilities (like problem-solving, memory, or reasoning) and how these impact everyday living.
Some people with autism may have average or above-average intelligence, while others may have co-occurring intellectual disability that affects learning and daily tasks. Every person is different.
What is an Intellectual Disability?
An intellectual disability is defined by:
Limitations in intellectual functioning (such as reasoning, learning, or decision-making)
Difficulties with everyday life skills, like communication, self-care, or social skills
This must have started before the age of 18 to be considered an intellectual disability. It’s a lifelong condition, and the level of support needed will vary from person to person.
What Does This Mean for NDIS Support?
The NDIS recognises that autism is a permanent and significant disability and is included in List A of conditions likely to meet the requirements for NDIS access. This means if a person has a formal diagnosis of autism, they are likely to be eligible for support—regardless of whether they also have an intellectual disability.
If you or someone you care for is autistic, support through the NDIS might include:
Speech Therapy or Occupational Therapy
Social skills support
Help with daily activities
Assistive technology or communication tools
Specialist support in schools or the community
At Interchange, we can help you understand what supports are available and how to get started with your NDIS journey.
Supporting People as Individuals
It’s important to remember that autism and intellectual disability are not the same, but they can overlap. Most importantly, people with autism or intellectual disability are people first with their own goals, strengths, and dreams.
At Interchange, we focus on getting to know the person, not the label. Whether someone is autistic, has an intellectual disability, or both, we create supports that are tailored to who they are and what matters to them.
Everyone Belongs
If you have questions about autism, intellectual disability, or NDIS supports, we’re here to help. Our friendly team is always ready to listen, answer your questions, and guide you through the next steps.
Need support or just want to chat?
Reach out to your local Interchange team. We’d love to hear from you.